how to leave australia

Compare · United Kingdom vs Vietnam

United Kingdom vs Vietnam for Australians leaving home

United Kingdom:Worldwide taxAU tax treatyVietnam:Worldwide taxAU tax treaty

United Kingdom and Vietnam run the same headline regime, worldwide tax, so the decision turns on the details underneath: what each one does to capital gains, dividends and the Australian income you keep.

Both have a tax treaty with Australia, so either way you get a tie-breaker if the ATO contests your departure, and capped withholding (15%/10% vs 15%/10% on unfranked dividends/interest).

Vietnam is the cheaper place to live day to day, roughly 40% of Sydney's basket against United Kingdom's 105% (indicative, ex-rent), which can outweigh a thinner tax saving over a full household budget.

Personalise this, enter your numbers once and every figure below becomes yours: “your estimated income tax: $14,200”, not “0, 22%”. Open the Country Comparison tool →

2 destinationsUnited KingdomUnited KingdomVietnamVietnam
Tax
Regimeworldwide, taxes worldwide incomeworldwide, taxes worldwide income
Income tax on salaryProgressive 20/40/45% plus employee NI (8% then 2%). The £100k, £125k allowance taper creates a 60% effective band. A £120k salary pays roughly 36% effective with NI.Progressive 5, 35% on worldwide employment income; the 35% band starts around A$58k/year equivalent, high earners hit the top rate fast.
Capital gains18% basic / 24% higher rate on shares and crypto, £3,000 annual exemption. FIG-regime arrivals: foreign gains tax-free for 4 years. (24% typical)Securities: 0.1% of gross sale proceeds (final), cheap if you win, painful if you sell at a loss. Private company stakes: 20% on the gain. Property: 2% of proceeds. (0% typical)
Dividends8.75/33.75/39.35% above a £500 allowance. Australian franking credits are not recognised, but for FIG-regime arrivals, Australian dividends are simply outside UK tax for 4 years.Flat 5% on dividends and bank interest, one of the lowest investment-income rates anywhere.
InterestTaxed locally around 40%Taxed locally around 5%
CryptoCrypto disposals are CGT events at 18/24% with a small annual exempt amount (£3,000). Swaps and spending count. HMRC receives exchange data; FIG-regime arrivals can realise foreign crypto gains UK-tax-free in years 1, 4.Crypto sits in a legal grey zone: not recognised as an asset or payment means, with a regulatory framework legislated to take effect from 2026 (pilot exchanges, expected transaction taxes). Today, taxation of personal crypto gains is untested in practice.
Australia tax treatyYes, AU withholding capped at 15% dividends / 10% interest, tie-breaker availableYes, AU withholding capped at 15% dividends / 10% interest, tie-breaker available
Social securityEmployee National Insurance (8% to ~£50k, 2% above) is excluded from the calculation above, add it for employment income.Compulsory social insurance applies to employees on Vietnamese labour contracts (foreigners included, ~10.5% employee side, capped); remote workers for foreign employers are outside it.
Visa
Best pathways
  • Skilled Worker visa, Sponsored role with a licensed employer at £38,700+ (or the going rate for the occupation, whichever is higher). 5 years to settlement.
  • Youth Mobility Scheme, Australians aged 18, 35: two years (extendable to three) of open work rights, no sponsor needed.
  • Global Talent visa, For leaders (or promising ones) in tech, science, arts and academia, endorsed by a designated body, no employer or salary requirement.
  • Work permit + TRC, Employer-sponsored work permit (degree + 3 years relevant experience, or expert status) leading to a temporary residence card of up to 2 years.
  • Investor visa (DT1, DT4), Residence tied to capital invested in a Vietnamese company: DT4 under VND 3bn (~A$180k) gives visas only; DT3 (VND 3, 50bn) gives a TRC up to 3 years.
  • E-visa runs (90 days), Multiple-entry 90-day e-visas, repeated, the de facto nomad "pathway" since Vietnam has no nomad visa.
Visa ease6/104/10
Family on visasDependants covered on main pathwaysDependants covered on main pathways
Fastest timeline~2 months on the quickest pathway~0 months on the quickest pathway
Money
Rent (family home, monthly)$6,500/mo$2,200/mo
Rent (couple, monthly)$4,200/mo$1,200/mo
International school (per child/yr)Free / local system viable$20,000
Health cover (family/yr)$4,000$4,500
Cost of living vs Sydney105% of Sydney (ex-rent)40% of Sydney (ex-rent)
Relocation one-off~$25,000~$12,000
Flights home (return, pp)$2,400$1,200
Life
Timezone vs AEST9h behind3h behind
Flight from Sydney~22 hours~9 hours
English10/104/10
Safety8/108/10
Healthcare8/105/10
Schooling9/106/10
ClimateMild, grey and damp, the winters are dark more than cold, and Australians feel it.HCMC: hot year-round with a May, November wet season; Hanoi adds a genuinely cold, damp winter.

Costs, rates and visa figures are country-module data marked indicative until individually verified; FX and rental markets move constantly.

Honest downsides, side by side

Every destination hub on this site carries its downsides in the open. Here are both lists together, because the right question is rarely “which is better?” and usually “which set of problems would you rather live with?”

United Kingdom

  • This is a higher-tax country than Australia for most: 40% starts around A$100k equivalent, NI stacks on top, and the £100k, £125k taper creates a 60% zone with childcare cliff-edges.
  • London costs Sydney money without Sydney weather, and the FIG honeymoon is exactly 4 years, after which worldwide taxation lands in full.
  • Visa costs are the world's highest: fees plus the health surcharge can run £15, 20k for a family before anyone earns a pound.
  • Winter darkness (8-hour days, weeks of grey) is the quiet reason many Australians go home.

Vietnam

  • No digital nomad visa and no retirement visa: unless you have a job, a company or a Vietnamese spouse, there is no compliant way to live here long-term.
  • The 35% top band arrives at a low threshold, a good Australian salary earned as a Vietnamese resident is taxed harder than in Australia.
  • Banking and moving money is bureaucratic: the dong is not freely convertible and repatriating funds requires documentation.
  • Healthcare below international-clinic level is poor; anything serious means Bangkok or Singapore.
  • Air quality in Hanoi ranks among the world's worst several months a year.

Make this comparison yours

The table above shows the general figures. Enter your income and family once and the tax rows become your numbers, “your estimated income tax in London: $14,200”, not a range.